Deer Hunting CWD

Chronic Wasting Disease

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an infectious, fatal, neurologic disease of deer. Since 2009, a total of 362 CWD-positive deer have been confirmed in Virginia. While the majority of these detections have occurred in Frederick and northern Shenandoah counties, CWD has also been confirmed in Carroll, Clarke, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, Floyd, Loudoun, Madison, Montgomery, Prince William, Pulaski, Rappahannock, Roanoke, Tazewell, and Warren counties. DWR cannot manage CWD alone and needs your help to slow the spread of this disease. Visit dwr.virginia.gov/cwd/ for details on what DWR is doing to fight CWD. Please read the following text carefully to learn what you can do to help.

2025 Disease Management Areas

All counties located within 10 miles of a CWD detection are included in a Disease Management Area (DMA).

• DMA1: Clarke, Frederick, Shenandoah, and Warren counties.
• DMA2: Arlington, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, Loudoun, Madison, Orange, Page, Prince William, Rappahannock, and Rockingham (new for 2025–2026) counties.
• DMA3: Carroll, Floyd, Franklin, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski, Roanoke, and Wythe counties.
• DMA4: Bland, Smyth, and Tazewell counties.

CWD Surveillance

When hunting in a CWD DMA, one of the most important things you can do to help fight this fatal disease is to submit your deer for CWD testing. CWD can be slow to spread in an affected deer population, therefore several years of testing data is critical to allow DWR to assess the status of the disease in the population. Testing helps DWR do several important things, like monitor the infection rate of the local deer population and map the geographic spread. This information is crucial to helping DWR slow the spread of this disease. Hunters are a vital partner in DWR’s CWD surveillance efforts and their assistance is appreciated.

Mandatory DMA CWD Testing

DWR will be conducting mandatory CWD sampling on November 15 in DMA1 (Shenandoah County only), DMA3 (Patrick, Roanoke, and Wythe), and DMA4 (Smyth and Tazewell). All deer killed in these counties on November 15 must be brought to a CWD mandatory sampling station OR a voluntary fridge station for CWD testing. Sample stations are open from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. and fridge stations are open 24/7. Sample station locations can be found online at dwr.virginia.gov/cwd/.

Mandatory Sampling Stations

Open only on November 15, 2025 from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.

DMA1 (Shenandoah County):

• Larkin’s Grocery
  19004 Senedo Rd., Edinburg
• Country Road Antiques and Gifts
  1371 Caverns Rd., New Market

DMA3 (Patrick, Roanoke, and Wythe counties):

• Patrick:
  • Howell’s Grocery
    139 Woolwine Hwy., Stuart
• Roanoke:
  • Cave Spring Volunteer Fire Department
    4212 Old Cave Spring Rd., Roanoke
• Wythe:
  • Wytheville Community College parking lot,
    1000 East Main St., Wytheville

DMA4 (Smyth and Tazewell counties):

• Smyth:
  • Atkins Volunteer Fire Department
    5758 Lee Hwy., Atkins
• Tazewell:
  • Richland Farmer’s Market
    1851 Cranwell Dr., Richlands
  • Tazewell County Fairgrounds
    135 Fieldcrest Circle, Tazewell

There will be no mandatory CWD testing in any other counties not listed above in 2025, however, voluntary testing is always available and encouraged.

Voluntary DMA and Statewide CWD Testing

Voluntary CWD testing is available free of charge for any deer harvested in Virginia at any time during the deer season. Interested hunters should drop off the deer head, plus 3–4 inches of neck, at a DWR refrigerator and follow posted instructions. Please see our website at dwr.virginia.gov/cwd for a map of the most up-to-date voluntary fridge stations.

CWD Management

DMA1

• All counties in DMA1 are open for early (Sept. 6–Oct. 3) and late (Jan. 4–March 29) antlerless-only general firearms season on private lands.
• Earn a Buck (EAB) is in effect for all counties within DMA1.

DMA2

• Early (Sept. 6–Oct. 3) and late (Jan. 4–March 29) antlerless-only general firearms season on private lands in all counties in DMA2 except Rockingham County. See Deer Hunting Seasons for additional details.
• Earn a Buck is in effect for all counties within DMA2 except in the area of Rockingham County west of Rts. 613 and 731.

DMA3

• Early (Sept. 6–Oct. 3) and late (Jan. 4–March 29) antlerless-only general firearms season on private lands in Carroll, Floyd, Montgomery, and Pulaski counties. Please note: Franklin, Patrick, Roanoke, and Wythe counties are not included in the early or late antlerless-only general firearms season. See Deer Hunting Seasons for additional details.
• Earn a Buck is in effect for all counties in DMA3 except Patrick County.

DMA4

• No counties in DMA4 are currently included in the early or late antlerless-only general firearms season, nor is EAB in effect.

Deer Carcass Transport

The movement of whole deer carcasses and certain carcass parts can spread CWD to new areas. As such, DWR has restricted deer carcass part movements from higher-risk areas to lower-risk areas.

Restricted Transport of Deer Carcasses and Parts Originating from a DMA

Whole deer carcasses originating from within a DMA cannot be transported into a non-DMA county. Carcass parts allowed to be transported out of a DMA into a non-DMA county include:

• Boned-out meat.
• Quarters or other portions of meat with no part of the spinal column or head attached.
• Hides and capes with no heads attached.
• Clean (no meat or tissue attached) skulls and skull plates with or without antlers attached.
• Antlers with no meat or tissue attached.
• Upper canine teeth, also known as “buglers,” “whistlers,” or “ivories.”
• Cleaned jaw bones.
• Finished taxidermy products.

Restricted Transport of Deer Carcasses and Parts Between and Within DMAs

• Deer originating from DMA1: Whole deer carcasses, and parts not listed above, may only be transported within DMA1.
• Deer originating from DMA2: Whole deer carcasses, and parts not listed above, may only be transported within both DMA1 and DMA2.
• Deer originating from DMA3: Whole deer carcasses, and parts not listed above, may only be transported within DMA3.
• Deer originating from DMA4: Whole deer carcasses, and parts not listed above, may only be transported within both DMA3 and DMA4.

Restricted Out-of-State Deer Carcass Importation

Importation or possession of whole deer carcasses originating from anywhere outside of Virginia is prohibited. This includes all members of the deer family, including white-tailed deer, mule deer, elk, moose, etc. See list above for deer carcass parts originating from anywhere that can be legally imported and possessed in Virginia.

A legible label shall be affixed to packages or containers holding the allowed carcass parts with the following information: the species of animal, the state or province from where the animal originated, and the name and address of the person who killed or possesses the allowed parts of the animal in Virginia. Any person who imports into Virginia any deer parts described above and is notified that the animal has tested positive for CWD must report the test results to the Department (see website for details) within 72 hours of receiving the notification.

Transport of Deer Carcasses from a Non-DMA County

Whole deer carcasses (and all associated carcass parts) harvested in a non-DMA county in Virginia may be legally transported anywhere within Virginia. However, due to potential disease transmission risks, it is advisable to avoid transporting whole carcasses long distances.

Carcass Disposal Recommendations

All hunters are strongly encouraged to dispose of deer carcass remains in local dumpsters, lined landfills, or using regular trash pick-up that will be taken to a landfill. See the agency website listed below for disposal options for deer harvested in a DMA. If it is necessary to bury a carcass, hunters are advised to bury it as close to the kill site as possible and deep enough to prevent scavengers from digging it up.

Deer Feeding and Use of Attractants

Deer Feeding Prohibitions

Feeding of deer is prohibited year-round in Albemarle, Arlington, Augusta, Bedford, Bland, Botetourt, Buchanan, Carroll, Clarke, Craig, Culpeper, Dickenson, Fairfax, Fauquier, Floyd, Fluvanna, Franklin, Frederick, Giles, Grayson, Greene, Henry, Loudoun, Louisa, Madison, Montgomery, Orange, Page, Patrick, Prince William, Pulaski, Rappahannock, Roanoke, Rockingham, Russell, Shenandoah, Smyth, Spotsylvania, Stafford, Tazewell, Warren, Washington, Wise, and Wythe counties, and all cities and towns within these counties.

Natural Deer Urine Attractants Illegal in Virginia

It is illegal to possess or use deer scents or lures that contain natural deer urine or other bodily fluids while taking, attempting to take, attracting, or scouting wildlife in Virginia.

What You Can Do to Help Fight CWD

• Keep hunting!
• Don’t feed deer and remove mineral licks
• Get deer harvested in a DMA tested for CWD
• Avoid long-distance movements of a whole deer carcass
• Don’t discard leftover deer carcass parts on the landscape – dispose in a landfill or bury
• Stay informed about CWD

For more information on CWD in Virginia, go to: dwr.virginia.gov/cwd