Friday, May 24, 2013
Freshwater Fishing Weekend
June 2 & 4, 2012 — No license needed!

[ Download a PDF version of the Quick Reference Guide ]
NEW for 2012:
Freshwater Fishing Weekend
June 2 & 4, 2012 — No license needed!
About the Guide
The full 2012 Massachusetts Fish & Wildlife Guide to Hunting, Freshwater Fishing & Trapping contains a summary of the laws and regulations in place as of September 1, 2011. Any changes in law or regulation enacted after September 1 are publicized through releases to the news media, town clerk’s offices, all license sales outlets, and on our website. These are not the complete laws and regulations. Laws and regulations (MGL Ch. 131 and 321 CMR) are subject to change.
Hunting, fishing, sporting, and trapping licenses must be carried on your person and shown on demand to any officer empowered to enforce these laws, and to landowners or lessees while on their property. A hunting, fishing or trapping license is not permission to trespass or intrude on private land, posted or not. Remember, your privilege to enter on private land is a courtesy extended to you by the owner. Practice courtesy and leave a good impression if you want to continue hunting, fishing or trapping.
License sales outlets may sell a hunting or sporting license only after seeing proof of a previous hunting license from any state or province, or year, or a certificate of completion of a Basic Hunter Education course from any state or province. Hunter Education program from any state or province.
Division of Fisheries & Wildlife
Western Wildlife District
88 Old Windsor Road, Dalton 01226, (413) 684-1646
Connecticut Valley Wildlife District
341 East Street, Belchertown 01007, (413) 323-7632
McLaughlin Fish Hatchery
90 East Street, Belchertown 01007, (413) 323-7671
Central Wildlife District
211 Temple Street, West Boylston 01583, (508) 835-3607
Field Headquarters
1 Rabbit Hill Rd., Westborough 01581, (508) 389-6300
Northeast Wildlife District
85 Fitchburg Road, Ayer 01432, (978) 772-2145
Boston Office
251 Causeway Street, Ste. 400, Boston 02114, (617) 626-1590
Hunter Education Program
51 Groton-Shirley Road, Ayer 01432, (978) 772-0693
Southeast Wildlife District
195 Bournedale Road, Buzzards Bay 02532, (508) 759-3406

Fishing
|
|
Daily Creel |
minimum Length1 |
|
|
TROUT 2 |
|||
|
Lakes, ponds, major rivers 3, 5, 6 |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
3 |
— |
|
Housatonic River 4 |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
1 |
20″ |
|
All other rivers and brooks |
Apr. 1 – Sept. 10 |
8 |
— |
|
LAKE TROUT |
|||
|
Wachusett Reservoir 6 |
(see note 6) |
3 |
— |
|
Quabbin 6 |
(see note 6) |
2 |
18″ |
|
SALMON (landlocked) |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
2 |
15″ |
|
SALMON (broodstock) 7 |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
2 |
15″ |
|
AMERICAN SHAD |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
6 |
— |
|
CHAIN PICKEREL |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
5 |
15″ |
|
BLACK BASS (Largemouth and |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
5 |
12″ |
|
NORTHERN PIKE |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
1 |
28″ |
|
TIGER MUSKIE (Muskellunge) |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
1 |
28″ |
|
WALLEYE |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
5 |
14″ |
|
SMELT 8 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 28 |
— |
— |
|
ALL OTHER FRESHWATER SPECIES |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
— |
— |
|
STRIPED BASS and HERRING: For season, size, and possession limits call the Division of Marine Fisheries at (617) 626-1520, or visit their website at www.mass.gov/marinefisheries. |
|||
|
POSSESSION OF: Sturgeon (all species), American Brook Lamprey, Atlantic (sea-run) Salmon7, Bridle Shiner, Burbot, Eastern Silvery Minnow, Lake Chub, Longnose Sucker, and Northern Redbelly Dace is illegal! If caught release immediately. This means remove hook or cut line and return fish to water immediately — do not pose for photographs, place on a stringer, hold in a net, or delay in any way the immediate return and release of the fish to the water! |
|||
Freshwater SPORTFISHING AWARDS
Awards for freshwater fish are offered in 22 categories. Each qualified entry receives a bronze pin. Largest fish in each category each year receives a “gold” pin and plaque. There is also an annual “Angler of the Year” award for the person who has taken the greatest variety of “pinfish” during the year. Fish must meet minimum weight requirements listed below, and must be weighed on a scale certified by the Massachusetts Division of Standards or a town official. Please check our website for a list of weigh stations and/or to download an affidavit. This information is also available at DFW offices.
Current Minimum Weights
|
Species |
Adult |
Youth |
|
Broodstock salmon |
10 lbs. 0 ozs. |
5 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Brook trout |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
|
Brown trout |
4 lbs. 0 ozs. |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Bullhead |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
|
Carp |
15 lbs. 0 ozs. |
10 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Chain pickerel |
4 lbs. 8 ozs. |
3 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Channel catfish |
6 lbs. 0 ozs. |
5 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Crappie |
1 lb. 8 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
|
Lake trout |
7 lbs. 0 ozs. |
5 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Landlocked salmon1 |
4 lbs. 0 ozs. |
3 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Largemouth bass |
7 lbs. 0 ozs. |
4 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Northern pike |
15 lbs. 0 ozs. |
10 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Rainbow trout |
3 lbs. 0 ozs. |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Shad |
5 lbs. 0 ozs. |
3 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Smallmouth bass |
4 lbs. 8 ozs. |
3 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Sunfish2 |
0 lbs. 12 ozs. |
0 lbs. 8 ozs. |
|
Tiger muskie |
10 lbs. 0 ozs. |
7 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
Tiger trout |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
|
Walleye |
4 lbs. 0 ozs. |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
White catfish |
4 lbs. 0 ozs. |
2 lbs. 0 ozs. |
|
White perch |
1 lb. 8 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
|
Yellow perch |
1 lb. 8 ozs. |
1 lb. 0 ozs. |
Hunting Seasons & Limits
|
|
Open season |
Daily BAG limit |
possession limit |
season limit |
|
|
Crow |
Jan. 1 – Apr. 10 |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
Pheasant |
|
Oct. 13 – Nov. 24 |
2 |
4 |
6 |
|
Youth Hunt |
See complete 2012 Massachusetts Guide to Hunting, Fishing & Trapping. |
||||
|
Quail |
Oct. 13 – Nov. 24 |
4 |
8 |
20 |
|
|
Ruffed Grouse |
Oct. 13 – Nov. 24 |
3 |
6 |
15 |
|
|
Spring: Zones 1–13 |
Apr. 30 – May 26 |
See complete 2012 Massachusetts |
|||
|
Fall: Zones 1–9; 13 |
Oct. 29 – Nov. 3 |
||||
|
Youth Hunt: Zones 1-13 |
April 28 (special restrictions apply**) |
||||
|
BEAR (Bear hunting closed during shotgun deer season) |
||||
|
Black Bear |
Zones 1-9 |
Sept. 4 – Sept. 22 |
See complete 2012 Massachusetts |
1 |
|
Bobcat |
Zones 1-8 |
Jan. 1 – Mar. 8 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Coyote |
Jan. 1 – Mar. 8 |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
Fox (red or gray) |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 29 |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
Raccoon |
Jan. 1 – Jan. 31 |
3 |
— |
— |
|
|
Opossum |
Jan. 1 – Jan. 31 |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
DEER |
||||
|
Deer |
Archery |
Oct. 15 – Nov. 24 |
See complete 2012 Massachusetts |
2 Antlered deer + antlerless deer |
|
Shotgun |
Nov. 26 – Dec. 8 |
|||
|
Primitive Firearms |
Dec. 10 – Dec. 31 |
|||
|
Cottontail |
Zones 1-12 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 29 |
5 |
10 |
— |
|
Zones 13 and 14 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 29 |
5 |
10 |
— |
|
|
Snowshoe Hare |
Zones 1–4 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 29 |
2 |
4 |
— |
|
Zones 5–12 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 4 |
2 |
4 |
— |
|
|
Zones 13 and 14 |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 2 |
2 |
4 |
— |
|
|
Jackrabbit |
Zone 14 |
Nov. 15 – Dec. 31 |
1 |
2 |
— |
|
Gray Squirrel |
Zones 1–9 |
Sept. 10 – Jan. 2, 2013 |
5 |
10 |
— |
|
Zones 10–14 |
Oct. 13 – Jan. 2, 2013 |
5 |
10 |
— |
|
|
Bullfrog and Green Frog |
Jul. 16 – Sept. 30 |
12 |
24 |
— |
|
Snapping Turtle |
Jan. 1 – Dec. 31 |
— |
— |
— |
Upland game bird hunting is closed during shotgun deer season.
* Migratory game birds (includes waterfowl, woodcock, snipe, rails): Seasons set annually. see Migratory Bird Abstracts.
** Must have completed the youth turkey hunt program.
Hunting
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA REGULATIONS
The Division of Fisheries & Wildlife owns 144 Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs), 13 Wildlife Sanctuaries, and other properties. Maps are available for many properties on the DFW website and at all DFW offices.
Landowner Liability
Any landowner permitting use of his or her property for recreation without charging a fee is not liable for injuries to recreational users of the property except in cases of willful, wanton or reckless conduct by the owner. (MGL Ch. 21 § 17C)
Deer Tagging Requirements
Immediately upon killing a deer and prior to moving it (during any deer season), the tag portion must be separated from the license or antlerless deer permit, filled out, and attached to the deer in a conspicuous manner. Deer must be checked within 48 hours. Deer must not be possessed, transported, or under a person’s control unless the deer, or a part of the deer, is open to view. However, after the deer has been checked/reported, the deer may be concealed. Deer may be checked/reported online except during the shotgun season, when they must be reported at an official check station.
NEW ANTLERLESS DEER PERMIT PROCEDURES
This year, with the start of the new electronic licensing system, MassWildlife has changed the issuance process for Antlerless Deer Permits.
MassWildlife will NO LONGER conduct a permit drawing, and hunters’ chances of winning will no longer involve hunting/sporting license numbers.
MassWildlife will NO LONGER mail notification and/or remittance postcards to customers. Please review the following information, and please be prepared to convey this information to your customers.
Antlerless Deer Permit Application Period (December 1, 2011 – July 16, 2012)
As in the past, all hunters who are interested in obtaining an Antlerless Deer Permit must apply when they initially purchase their licenses or at any time prior to the application deadline of July 16, 2012. There will be no exceptions!
Instant Award Period (August 1, 2012 – December 31, 2012)
Beginning August 1, 2012 (and continuing through the end of the calendar year) antlerless deer permit applicants MUST RETURN to the MassFishHunt website either via the Internet, authorized license agent location, or MassWildlife Office to try to win antlerless deer permits in the zones for which they previously applied. Upon returning to the MassFishHunt site, you or the license agent will select the zone for which you previously applied, and the system will instantly notify you if you won an antlerless deer permit. If the permit is won, the hunter can pay the $5.00 permit fee immediately and print the permit, or leave the winning permit in the shopping cart where it will remain until payment is made or until the permit expires. All permits expire on December 31st of the year issued.
The Instant Award system will still be based on a percent chance of winning, but permit issuance will be completely random rather than based on the last digit of a hunting/sporting license number. Winning percentages will be determined by the number of permits available for each Wildlife Management Zone (WMZ) divided by the number of applicants for each zone. Hunters will have the same odds of winning a permit in their selected zones whether they return on August 1st or December 31st. This will NOT be a first-come/first-served system. Only hunters who applied during the Application Period will be able to try for an antlerless deer permit, and there will only be ONE attempt per hunter during the Instant Award Phase.
Over the Counter Surplus Permit Period (October 2012)
Surplus antlerless deer permits will still be available in October for any zone in which MassWildlife has more permits available than hunters that apply. These surplus antlerless deer permits will continue to be issued on a first-come/first-served basis. Surplus antlerless deer permits will be available over the counter through the Internet, authorized license agent locations, and MassWildlife Offices. Additional information regarding over the counter permit sales will be posted on
Trapping Seasons
|
|
Open season |
|
trapping species |
|
|
Bobcat*, Coyote*, |
Nov. 1 – Nov. 30 |
|
Fisher* |
Nov. 1 – Nov. 22 |
|
Mink*, River Otter* |
Nov. 1 – Dec. 15 |
|
Beaver* |
Jan. 1 – April 15 |
|
Muskrat, Opossum, |
Jan. 1 – Feb. 29 |
* Pelt sealing required
Checking Game
Hunters who harvest a deer, bear or turkey are required to check their game within 48 hours of killing the animal. For a complete list of report stations visit the DFW website www.mass.gov/masswildlife. Online checking of game will be available this year starting with the spring turkey season. Check website for instructions/forms.
Beaver, bobcat, coyote, fisher, fox, mink, and river otter pelts must be checked/reported within four working days of the end of the season. Pelts may be reported at a check station or reported online and sealed on location. Online reporting/checking is not available for bobcat and river otter; these species must be checked/reported at a furbearer check station.
Hunting Hours
Hunting hours are from ½ hour before sunrise to ½ hour after sunset on each day of open season except for:
|
Day |
March |
April |
May |
June |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
||||||||||
|
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
Rise |
Set |
|
|
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
AM |
PM |
|
|
1 |
6:22 |
5:38 |
5:29 |
6:14: |
4:42 |
6:47 |
4:13 |
7:18 |
4:15 |
7:27 |
4:41 |
7:06 |
5:13 |
6:20 |
5:45 |
5:28 |
6:21 |
4:40 |
6:57 |
4:16 |
|
2 |
6:20 |
5:39 |
5:27 |
6:15 |
4:41 |
6:48 |
4:13 |
7:18 |
4:15 |
7:27 |
4:42 |
7:05 |
5:14 |
6:19 |
5:46 |
5:26 |
6:22 |
4:39 |
6:58 |
4:16 |
|
3 |
6:19 |
5:40 |
5:26 |
6:16 |
4:39 |
6:49 |
4:12 |
7:19 |
4:16 |
7:27 |
4:43 |
7:04 |
5:15 |
6:17 |
5:47 |
5:24 |
6:23 |
4:38 |
6:59 |
4:15 |
|
4 |
6:17 |
5:41 |
5:24 |
6:17 |
4:38 |
6:50 |
4:12 |
7:20 |
4:16 |
7:27 |
4:44 |
7:02 |
5:16 |
6:15 |
5:48 |
5:23 |
6:25 |
4:36 |
7:00 |
4:15 |
|
5 |
6:15 |
5:43 |
5:22 |
6:18 |
4:37 |
6:52 |
4:12 |
7:20 |
4:17 |
7:26 |
4:45 |
7:01 |
5:17 |
6:13 |
5:49 |
5:21 |
6:26 |
4:35 |
7:01 |
4:15 |
|
6 |
6:14 |
5:44 |
5:21 |
6:19 |
4:36 |
6:53 |
4:11 |
7:21 |
4:18 |
7:26 |
4:46 |
7:00 |
5:18 |
6:12 |
5:50 |
5:19 |
6:27 |
4:34 |
7:02 |
4:15 |
|
7 |
6:12 |
5:45 |
5:19 |
6:20 |
4:34 |
6:54 |
4:11 |
7:22 |
4:18 |
7:26 |
4:47 |
6:58 |
5:19 |
6:10 |
5:51 |
5:18 |
6:28 |
4:33 |
7:03 |
4:15 |
|
8 |
6:10 |
5:46 |
5:17 |
6:21 |
4:33 |
6:55 |
4:11 |
7:22 |
4:19 |
7:25 |
4:48 |
6:57 |
5:20 |
6:08 |
5:53 |
5:17 |
6:30 |
4:32 |
7:04 |
4:15 |
|
9 |
6:09 |
5:47 |
5:16 |
6:23 |
4:32 |
6:56 |
4:11 |
7:23 |
4:20 |
7:25 |
4:49 |
6:56 |
5:21 |
6:07 |
5:54 |
5:14 |
6:31 |
4:31 |
7:05 |
4:15 |
|
10 |
6:07 |
5:48 |
5:14 |
6:24 |
4:31 |
6:57 |
4:10 |
7:23 |
4:21 |
7:24 |
4:50 |
6:54 |
5:22 |
6:05 |
5:55 |
5:13 |
6:32 |
4:30 |
7:06 |
4:15 |
|
11 |
6:05 |
5:50 |
5:12 |
6:25 |
4:30 |
6:58 |
4:10 |
7:24 |
4:21 |
7:24 |
4:51 |
6:53 |
5:23 |
6:03 |
5:56 |
5:11 |
6:33 |
4:29 |
7:06 |
4:15 |
|
12 |
6:04 |
5:51 |
5:11 |
6:26 |
4:29 |
6:59 |
4:10 |
7:24 |
4:22 |
7:23 |
4:52 |
6:52 |
5:25 |
6:01 |
5:57 |
5:09 |
6:35 |
4:28 |
7:07 |
4:15 |
|
13 |
6:02 |
5:52 |
5:09 |
6:27 |
4:28 |
7:00 |
4:10 |
7:25 |
4:23 |
7:23 |
4:53 |
6:50 |
5:26 |
6:00 |
5:58 |
5:08 |
6:36 |
4:27 |
7:08 |
4:15 |
|
14 |
6:00 |
5:53 |
5:07 |
6:28 |
4:27 |
7:01 |
4:10 |
7:25 |
4:24 |
7:22 |
4:54 |
6:49 |
5:27 |
5:58 |
5:59 |
5:06 |
6:37 |
4:26 |
7:09 |
4:16 |
|
15 |
5:58 |
5:54 |
5:06 |
6:29 |
4:26 |
7:02 |
4:10 |
7:26 |
4:24 |
7:22 |
4:55 |
6:47 |
5:28 |
5:56 |
6:01 |
5:05 |
6:38 |
4:25 |
7:09 |
4:16 |
|
16 |
5:57 |
5:55 |
5:04 |
6:30 |
4:25 |
7:03 |
4:10 |
7:26 |
4:25 |
7:21 |
4:56 |
6:46 |
5:29 |
5:54 |
6:02 |
5:03 |
6:40 |
4:24 |
7:10 |
4:16 |
|
17 |
5:55 |
5:57 |
5:03 |
6:32 |
4:24 |
7:04 |
4:10 |
7:26 |
4:26 |
7:20 |
4:57 |
6:44 |
5:30 |
5:53 |
6:03 |
5:01 |
6:41 |
4:23 |
7:11 |
4:16 |
|
18 |
5:53 |
5:58 |
5:01 |
6:33 |
4:23 |
7:05 |
4:10 |
7:27 |
4:27 |
7:19 |
4:58 |
6:43 |
5:31 |
5:51 |
6:04 |
5:00 |
6:42 |
4:23 |
7:11 |
4:17 |
|
19 |
5:52 |
5:59 |
4:59 |
6:34 |
4:22 |
7:06 |
4:11 |
7:27 |
4:28 |
7:19 |
4:59 |
6:41 |
5:32 |
5:49 |
6:05 |
4:58 |
6:43 |
4:22 |
7:12 |
4:17 |
|
20 |
5:50 |
6:00 |
4:58 |
6:35 |
4:21 |
7:07 |
4:11 |
7:27 |
4:29 |
7:18 |
5:00 |
6:40 |
5:33 |
5:47 |
6:06 |
4:57 |
6:45 |
4:21 |
7:13 |
4:18 |
|
21 |
5:48 |
6:01 |
4:56 |
6:36 |
4:20 |
7:08 |
4:11 |
7:27 |
4:30 |
7:17 |
5:01 |
6:38 |
5:34 |
5:45 |
6:08 |
4:55 |
6:46 |
4:20 |
7:13 |
4:18 |
|
22 |
5:46 |
6:02 |
4:55 |
6:37 |
4:19 |
7:09 |
4:11 |
7:28 |
4:31 |
7:16 |
5:02 |
6:37 |
5:35 |
5:44 |
6:09 |
4:54 |
6:47 |
4:20 |
7:14 |
4:19 |
|
23 |
5:45 |
6:03 |
4:53 |
6:38 |
4:19 |
7:10 |
4:11 |
7:28 |
4:32 |
7:15 |
5:04 |
6:35 |
5:36 |
5:42 |
6:10 |
4:52 |
6:48 |
4:19 |
7:14 |
4:19 |
|
24 |
5:43 |
6:05 |
4:52 |
6:39 |
4:18 |
7:11 |
4:12 |
7:28 |
4:33 |
7:14 |
5:05 |
6:34 |
5:37 |
5:40 |
6:11 |
4:51 |
6:49 |
4:19 |
7:14 |
4:20 |
|
25 |
5:41 |
6:06 |
4:50 |
6:41 |
4:17 |
7:12 |
4:12 |
7:28 |
4:34 |
7:13 |
5:06 |
6:32 |
5:38 |
5:38 |
6:12 |
4:50 |
6:50 |
4:18 |
7:15 |
4:21 |
|
26 |
5:39 |
6:07 |
4:49 |
6:42 |
4:16 |
7:13 |
4:12 |
7:28 |
4:35 |
7:12 |
5:07 |
6:30 |
5:39 |
5:37 |
6:14 |
4:48 |
6:52 |
4:18 |
7:15 |
4:21 |
|
27 |
5:38 |
6:08 |
4:48 |
6:43 |
4:16 |
7:14 |
4:13 |
7:28 |
4:36 |
7:11 |
5:08 |
6:29 |
5:40 |
5:35 |
6:15 |
4:47 |
6:53 |
4:17 |
7:15 |
4:22 |
|
28 |
5:36 |
6:09 |
4:46 |
6:44 |
4:15 |
7:14 |
4:13 |
7:28 |
4:36 |
7:10 |
5:09 |
6:27 |
5:42 |
5:33 |
6:16 |
4:45 |
6:54 |
4:17 |
7:16 |
4:23 |
|
29 |
5:34 |
6:10 |
4:45 |
6:45 |
4:15 |
7:15 |
4:14 |
7:28 |
4:37 |
7:09 |
5:10 |
6:25 |
5:43 |
5:31 |
6:17 |
4:44 |
6:55 |
4:16 |
7:16 |
4:23 |
|
30 |
5:32 |
6:11 |
4:43 |
6:46 |
4:14 |
7:16 |
4:14 |
7:28 |
4:38 |
7:08 |
5:11 |
6:24 |
5:44 |
5:30 |
6:18 |
4:43 |
6:56 |
4:16 |
7:16 |
4:24 |
|
31 |
5:31 |
6:12 |
|
|
4:14 |
7:17 |
|
|
4:40 |
7:07 |
5:12 |
6:22 |
|
|
6:20 |
4:41 |
|
|
7:16 |
4:25 |
Table is Eastern Standard Time. Add 1 hour for daylight savings time, if and when in use.
BOSTON subtract 3 minutes; SPRINGFIELD add 3 minutes; PITTSFIELD add 7 minutes.
Source: U. S. Naval Observatory, Astronomical Applications Department, Washington, D.C. 20392-5420
Regulations in red are new this year.
Purple text indicates an important note.

